Consumption of petrol
This story begins with description of the case, which occurred about a year ago. We were asked for advice by the reader who complained that his car had too high fuel consumption.
A relatively new car, “Toyota Camry” with two-liter 3S-FE engine and automatic transmission, according to the owner, “ate” too much, about 12 liters in the city. Something was twirled, something was measured and it seemed to be okay. A week later the client again came to us with complain: “Consumption did not diminish, even became worse”. It is okay. Something was changed one more time, something was verified and the car was sent back. But when the same car came to us either in the fourth or fifth time in, I told the owner: “Let’s ride with you and see it in the evening.” In the evening, after work, we take the empty canister, sit down in his car and drive to the gas station, the one that on the cable car. At a gas station we fill the tank fully and complete canister, and then drive to the bus stop (there is level ground) and from the canister through a funnel top up the tank at the very cut throat.
After such a filling I sit at the wheel, reset the meter readings of a daily run, and we’re going to Shamora. Summer, warm evening, about ten o’clock, still it is light. It is told for your imagination of the amount of cars on the streets at this time of the day. I must say, I was driving very economically. I did not pressed more than on the half on the gas pedal, I did not try to use the brake pedal as previously I dumped gas, window was slightly opened, air conditioning was turned off. And we drive solely by the rules. Written by “40″ – we go 40 km / h, written “60″ – continuously from zero to sixty and we drive 60 km / hour. Making all drivers nervous with our regular riding, in such a way we got to the to pass, we did not go down on Shamora, because already it began to get dark, included lights and back. As smoothly and regularly, making all the drivers nervous. We arrived at the “starting point”, ie to the bus stop on the funicular, put the car exactly at the same place from which we started a journey, and opening the lid we began to fill up a petrol tank. But I fill it not directly from the canister, but through a measuring cup – a plastic bottle with a funnel. And again, just to cut the neck. After that, when we knew the mileage of cars and burned gasoline, using the calculator we computed the consumption of fuel per 100 km. When the owner of “greedy» “Camry” saw that during our trip fuel consumption of its vehicles was about 7.2 liters (which is, in general, in the city), he kept slapping his eyes, counted again and apologized, further he did not appear in our car repair. We were in the team and ourselves were surprised such a number, but, I repeat, I drove very smoothly, I tried not to turn the steering wheel too sharply and almost did not use the brakes. And besides, we were lucky: we were not in the traffic jam.
Everyone who asks, which should be the fuel consumption of a particular model of a car, we respond with a shrug: “We do not know. It depends on how will you ride”. For example, when I go alone to Nahodka (“Nissan Maxima” VG20-ET), then I burn a half of the tank, judging by the fuel gauge on the dashboard. Returning back with a family, with beloved animals and potatoes (the car is fully loaded), I burn the quarter of a tank. But as I go “there” (the tachometer needle is constantly dancing around the red line) and as a “back” (slowly accelerate right up to 80 km / h and drive slowly for three hours!)
So, you suspect that your technically, in general, sound machine is too, “gluttonous”. The first thing to do is replace the air filter and check the position of the arrow pointer coolant temperature. If the needle is below the middle, there can be no word about any fuel savings. It is an occasion to appeal to the repair, especially for gasoline engines with fuel injection and diesel engines. After that, guided by the considerations set forth below, change the order of filling the car, at least for a month.
Counters of gasoline at columns, counting down a certain amount of gasoline, have an error, which, among other things, depends on the amount of calculated fuel. Since all gas stations are periodically monitored by special inspections, the mechanics, to avoid doubts, adjust the meter so that small amounts of fuel are cheated “on zero.” This means that an inspector would come with a measuring cup, he will be poured 10 liters over the counter, he will check whether this is so, and everyone is happy: there is no under fill, if there is, very little, and maybe even a little mobility. If measured out 30, 40 liters, the picture would not be so happy. But who will bother with a measuring cup volume of 40 liters? That is the situation when the dispenser releases the right amount of small and large are with under fill. This was written in the magazine “The wheel”, we have tested this fact on the maritime refueling. It all fits: the fill is three times with 10 liters. And you journey around as much as if you filled 40 liters at once.
Let’s say you have done everything suggested above, but you are not still satisfied with the fuel consumption. Then you must stop in the center of instrument control and measure the carbon monoxide (CO) in exhaust gases at idle, at 2,000 rev / min and 3000 r / min (approximately). This is necessary to determine if there is fault in the engine fuel consumption or not. The level of CO at idle should be around 0.1% (indicated on the label under the hood), and at speed it is twice more than the value of CO levels at idle. If not, you should contact the experts, because, apparently, there are some problems with the engine or its control systems. If the CO level is normal or lower than normal, then you should search for the cause of increased fuel economy in something different. It may be poorly inflated wheels (one day “Nissan Safari” came with complaints about overspending and the pressure in the wheels it had was about 0.5 kg/cm2), shimming of the brakes, the “hole” in the fuel system, poor aerodynamics, etc. . If you have a car with automatic transmission, remember how much speed tachometer indicates the speed at 100 km / h, and with this information, contact the specialist, maybe there is increased transmission (O / D).
Now, how to avoid the large consumption of fuel for a healthy car.
1. Do not buy a heavy car. It is known that every 500 kg of your car’s weight it consumes about 700 liters of gasoline per year (at a rate of 20 thousand kilometers of mileage per year). This means that if your car weighs 1,000 kg, you will burn about 1,400 liters of fuel during a year, if it weighs 1,500 kg , then it will be 2,100 liters, etc.
2. Regularly service the car. Serviceable, but misaligned car consumes fuel at 10% more.
3. Keep the pressure in the wheels. More than two thirds of motorists drive on tires with too low pressure, while it is known that reduction in pressure from 2.0 kg/cm2 to 1.5 kg/cm2 leads to excessive fuel consumption by about 3%. You should measure the pressure in the wheels in the cold condition of them. Even after a short run the pressure in the wheels increases.
4. Watch for correct wheel alignment.
5. Do not carry any extra weight in the car. Every 50 kg of load cause fuel consumption by about 2%.
6. Included are air conditioning increases fuel consumption by about 10%.
7. Opened windows when the vehicle speed is over 50 km / h also lead to excessive fuel consumption. The amount of overruns depends on how these windows ajar and what is the speed of the car.
8. Each inhibition suggests subsequent dispersal, which in turn causes increased fuel consumption. If you see that after two or three cars in front there is lit “feet” then remove your foot off the accelerator.
9. Do not keep your foot on the brake pedal while driving.
10. Do not hold the car on a slope with a clutch pedal and accelerator. For this purpose use a hand brake.
11. Avoid travel during peak hours.
12. It is better to go slowly and smoothly than start sharply and slowly hamper. Especially often this error is noticeable for drivers in the “plug”, where they adhere to the principle: “first, do not miss anyone before yourself”.
13. Do not fully warm up the engine in the morning. As soon as the temperature gauge would move from the place, you can go. But you should press the gas pedal as little as possible for as long as the engine is fully warmed up.
14. Choose the right gear. At high gear, if you completely drown the gas pedal, the normal acceleration does not work, and it is only overrun. And once you took run, immediately turn off the higher gear.
15. Do not blow up. For cars of 80s fuel consumption at 110 km / h, is 25% more than at 90 km / hour.
16. When you stop for more than a minute, turn off your engine.
17. The sharper you press the gas pedal, the more you will have the fuel consumption.
18. Remember! Any reduction in engine power immediately raises fuel consumption
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